Meanwhile, just 38% of Black adults with lower incomes say their household finances meet basic needs with money left over. Roughly three-quarters (76%) of Black adults with middle incomes say this, as do 93% of Black adults with upper incomes. Black adults with higher incomes report a starkly different situation: Only 4% of Black adults with middle incomes and 1% of those with upper incomes say they don’t have enough to meet basic needs.Īt the same time, most Black adults with middle and upper incomes say their household finances cover basic needs with some left over for extras. According to the October 2021 survey, about two-in-ten Black adults with lower incomes (18%) say they don’t even have enough to meet basic needs, and another four-in-ten (43%) describe their household finances as just meeting their basic needs. The long-standing differences in economic experiences among Black Americans remain today. For more information about how the income tiers were created, read the methodology. Lower income falls below that range, and upper income lies above it. Respondents were then placed into income tiers using a similar methodology to the Center’s previous work on the American middle class: Middle income is defined as two-thirds to double the median annual income for the entire survey sample. To create the upper-, middle- and lower-income tiers, respondents’ 2020 family incomes were adjusted for differences in purchasing power by geographic region and household size. Here are the questions used for this survey, along with its responses, and its methodology. This gives us confidence that any sample can represent the whole population (see our Methods 101 explainer on random sampling). Recruiting panelists by phone or mail ensures that nearly all U.S. Respondents on both panels are recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses. The survey includes 1,025 Black adults on the Center’s American Trends Panel (ATP), and 2,887 Black adults on Ipsos’ KnowledgePanel. The data was collected as part of a larger survey that included a total of 6,513 U.S. The online survey of 3,912 Black Americans was conducted Oct.
(Read findings from the first survey in “ Faith Among Black Americans.”) Amid the growing debate over income inequality, the survey explores how Black Americans view their household finances, how prepared they are for an unexpected emergency, and if they have taken multiple jobs at once to make ends meet. This analysis draws on Pew Research Center’s second in-depth survey of Black Americans, which examines the rich diversity of Black people in the United States and their life experiences.
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